UNIVERSAL PHYSICS



Part 29 - Simplified Moment Zero 



Index

Preamble

Chapter 1
Gravitons


Chapter 2
Gravitonpairs


Chapter 3
Gravitonpair mechanisms and processes


Chapter 4
Gravitoids


Chapter 5
Gravitoid
Mechanisms and processes


Chapter 6
Petty-
blackholes


Chapter 7
Petty-
blackhole
Mechanisms and processes


Chapter 8
Darkmatter


Chapter 9
Darkenergy


Chapter 10
Photons


Chapter 11
Photon Mechanisms and processes


Chapter 12
Electrons


Chapter 13
Electron Mechanisms and processes


Chapter 14
Nucleons


Chapter 15
Nucleons Mechanisms and processes


Chapter 16
Nuclides


Chapter 17
Stable
Nuclides


Chapter 18
Radio
Nuclides


Chapter 19
Fissile
Nuclides

Chapter 20
Simple
Planets


Chapter 21
Composite Planets


Chapter 22
Simple
Stars


Chapter 23
Composite
Stars


Chapter 24
Stars
Mechanisms and processes


Chapter 25
Star
Clusters


Chapter 26
Galaxies


Chapter 27
Supermassive Blackholes

Chapter 28
Galactic
Clusters

Chapter 29
Simplified Moment Zero

Chapter 30
Practical
Moment Zero




















This Chapter is incomplete with the text below is intended to "hold the fort" in regard to one particular conundrum in the Big Bang Standard Model. The conundrum is that if the Universe at 10 -43 of a second after the Big Bang was one Planck Length in diameter, it would have taken longer than 13.8 billion years (the current best estimate for the age of the Universe) to reach its present size.

The text is lifted from the Malta Cosmology Template and amended only as much as is necessary to bring it into line with the UP Manual. When Chapter 29 comes to be properly written, the text below will be substantially altered. The original page may be accessed here


PRECEDENTS

  • CURRENT PARADIGM:     Cosmic inflation, cosmological inflation, or just inflation is a theory of exponential expansion of space in the early universe. The inflationary epoch lasted from 10−36 seconds after the conjectured Big Bang singularity to sometime between 10−33 and 10−32 seconds after the singularity. Following the inflationary period, the Universe continues to expand, but at a less rapid rate. (Wikipedia - 02 Apr 2016)
PARAMETERS
  • Consider that the following profiling exercise is crude and will benefit from refinement.
  • Consider, for the purposes of the profiling exercise: 
    • that all objects in the Universe have the same structure:  that is, a matter core surrounded by an area within which the gravity of the matter core dominates. 
    • that all objects in the Universe have a matter core which is subject to the exclusivity law which is that "one object cannot occupy a place in space and time that is already occupied by another object of the same type". 
    • that all objects in the Universe are subject to the one percent rule whereby ninety nine percent of the matter in an object occupies one percent of the object's volume. 
    • that the dimensions of the Milky Way galaxy are regarded as typical of all galaxies (the Milky Way is a barred spiral galaxy and thus a median, there being more lower mass galaxies in the Universe and fewer higher mass galaxies).
REASONING
  • The Milky Way galaxy (including its halo) is a sphere approximately 200,000 lightyears in diameter.
  • A diameter of 200,000 lightyears equates to a volume of 4,188,790,204,786,390 cubic lightyears.
  • If the stars of the Milky Way are one percent of the volume of the galaxy sphere they equate to a sphere with a volume of 41,887,902,047,864 cubic lightyears and a diameter of 43,089 lightyears.
  • If the atoms of the Milky Way are one percent of the volume of the star sphere they equate to a sphere with a volume of 418,879,020,479 cubic lightyears and a diameter of 9,284 lightyears.
  • If the nucleons of the Milky way are one percent of the volume of the atom sphere they equate to a sphere with a volume of 4,188,790,205 cubic lightyears and a diameter of 2,000 lightyears. 
  • If the quarks of the Milky Way are one percent of the volume of the nucleon sphere they equate to a sphere with a volume of 41,887,902 cubic lightyears and a diameter of 431 lightyears.
  • If the gravitons of the Milky Way are one percent of the volume of the quark sphere they equate to a sphere with a volume of 418,879 cubic lightyears and a diameter of 93 lightyears.
  • One current estimate is that the visible Universe contains 125 billion galaxies.
  • If the visible Universe contains 125 billion galaxies, with an average volume of 418,879 cubic lightyears and a diameter of 93 lightyears, that equates to a sphere with a volume of 52,359,877 billion cubic lightyears and a diameter of 464,159 lightyears.
CONCLUSION
  • That the diameter of the visible Universe at Moment Zero, as deduced through an exercise, is 464,159 lightyears.
COMMENTARY

Notwithstanding the firmness of the above conclusion, this argument is not that the (visible) Universe really was 464,159 lightyears in diameter at Moment Zero. The number is crude and unlikely to stand for long anyway. More to the point, the argument is a simplification of what was certainly a vastly more complex occurrence. Later chapters (specifically Selfproof 0311) hint at the nature of that complexity. Instinct suggests that the Universe at Moment Zero was a turbulent and sophisticated object. 

The significance of this argument is that, using only well established laws of physics, the Universe at Moment Zero is shown to have been of a size that was, by any standards, very big. 

In the Current Paradigm, cosmologists avoid attributing dimensions to the Universe at Moment Zero. The consensus is that a fraction of a second after Moment Zero, the diameter of the Universe was one Planck Length, the suggestion being that measuring anything less than a Planck Length is impossible given the current state of our knowledgebase. One Planck Length is, of course, an extremely small dimension that causes many problems for the Big Bang Standard Model - the biggest being "how did the Universe, in the time available, get to be as big as it is today if it started out so small". This problem is popularly considered to be resolved by Inflation Theory. 

However, the large size of the (visible) Universe at Moment Zero, as deduced with the above exercise, means that the Universe would have had no problem reaching its present size in the time available and that, thus, there is no need for Inflation Theory.











Comments and suggestions:  peter.ed.winchester@gmail.com

Copyright 2013 Peter (Ed) Winchester