THE MALTA COSMOLOGY TEMPLATE



Chapter 02 - Moment Zero






PARTS

Part 0200
Moment Zero Home


Part 0201
Kickstarter


Part 0202
Moment Zero Physics


Part 0203
Moment Zero Dimensions


Part 0204
Post Moment Zero Expansion


Part 0205
The Age of the Universe


Moment Zero Selfproofs



















Moment Zero Selfproofs

SELFPROOF 0206:     FLATNESS PROBLEM

CURRENT PARADIGM
  • THE FLATNESS PROBLEM is a cosmological fine-tuning problem within the Big Bang model of the universe. Such problems arise from the observation that some of the initial conditions of the universe appear to be fine-tuned to very 'special' values, and that small deviations from these values would have extreme effects on the appearance of the universe at the current time. In the case of the flatness problem, the parameter which appears fine-tuned is the density of matter and energy in the universe. This value affects the curvature of space-time, with a very specific critical value being required for a flat universe. The current density of the universe is observed to be very close to this critical value. Since the total density departs rapidly from the critical value over cosmic time, the early universe must have had a density even closer to the critical density, departing from it by one part in 1062 or less. This leads cosmologists to question how the initial density came to be so closely fine-tuned to this 'special' value. The problem was first mentioned by Robert Dicke in 1969. The most commonly accepted solution among cosmologists is cosmic inflation, the idea that the universe went through a brief period of extremely rapid expansion in the first fraction of a second after the Big Bang; along with the monopole problem and the horizon problem, the flatness problem is one of the three primary motivations for inflationary theory. (Wikipedia - 06 Apr 2016)
MALTA TEMPLATE
COMMENTARY

The Flatness Problem is rooted in the belief that the Universe is the entirety of all the mass and energy there is and that there is nothing outside the Universe. This contrasts with the view arising in the Malta Template which is that the Universe is a body situated within  larger uberuniverse.

In the Current Paradigm, the Universe is a selfcontained unit which can, depending on the energy/matter density in its early moments, be open, flat, or closed. Observations suggest that the density was exactly such as to make the Universe flat. However, this level of finetuning is difficult to believe in without there being a good reason for it. The currently most favoured "good reason" is provided by Inflation Theory but as yet this theory has no absolute empiric confirmation.

In the Malta Template, the mass of the Universe is the sum of the mass of the gravitons it contains and the energy of the Universe is the sum of the kineticenergy, potentialenergy, and latentenergy of its gravitonpairs. The Universe is not a selfcontained unit and thus it isn't open, flat, or closed. The amount of energy contained by the Universe depends upon the history of the Universe and not upon any need to be balanced. The mass and energy of the Universe may actually be so exactly balanced as to be perfectly stable but, practically, this is highly unlikely. Much more likely is the the Universe will have an excess of mass over energy, or of energy over mass, and will be behaving accordingly.

In the Malta Template, there is no Flatness Problem.







Comments and suggestions:  peter.ed.winchester@gmail.com

Copyright 2013 Peter (Ed) Winchester



REVISIONS
  • 20 Apr 2014 - page revised to 3-section format.
  • 29 Mar 2015 - Major revisions to layout, content, and numbering.
  • 06 Apr 2016 - Minor revisions to content.
  • 04 Oct 2016 - revisions to layout.
  • 21 Apr 2017 - teels changed to gravitons.