THE MALTA COSMOLOGY TEMPLATE

Chapter 03 - Blackholes 

PARTS

Blackhole Selfproofs

SELFPROOF 0308 - NUCLEON

• NUCLEONS are the proton and the neutron, which are the constituents of the atomic nucleus, and are themselves composed of down and up quarks. The number of nucleons defines an isotope's mass number (nucleon number). (Wikipedia - 25 Apr 2016)

• A PROTON is a subatomic particle with a positive electric charge of +1e elementary charge and mass slightly less than that of a neutron. Protons and neutrons, each with masses of approximately one atomic mass unit, are collectively referred to as "nucleons". One or more protons are present in the nucleus of every atom. They are a necessary part of the nucleus. The number of protons in the nucleus is the defining property of an element, and is referred to as the atomic number (represented by the symbol Z). Since each element has a unique number of protons, each element has its own unique atomic number. (Wikipedia - 25 Apr 2016)

• The NEUTRON is a subatomic particle with no net electric charge and a mass slightly larger than that of a proton. Protons and neutrons, each with mass approximately one atomic mass unit, constitute the nucleus of an atom, and they are collectively referred to as nucleons. Their properties and interactions are described by nuclear physics.The nucleus consists of Z protons, where Z is called the atomic number, and N neutrons, where N is the neutron number. The atomic number defines the chemical properties of the atom, and the neutron number determines the isotope or nuclide. The terms isotope and nuclide are often used synonymously, but they are chemical and nuclear concepts, respectively. (Wikipedia - 26 Apr 2016)

• CHAPTER 8:  

• A nucleon is a composite particle that comes in two types:  neutrons and protons. 
• Each type consists of three quarks that also come in two types:  axial and centrifugal. 
• A neutron consists of one axial quark and two centrifugal quarks. 
• A proton consists of one centrifugal quark and two axial quarks.